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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

L. NOBEL.

LIQUID FUEL PURNAGE.

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md July?, 1885.

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No.v 321,840.

(No. Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. L. NOBEL.

' 'IQUD FUEL FURNAGB. Patented July 7, 1885.

o section on the line 8 8 in Fig. 7, and Fig. 9 is UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LUDVIG NOBEL, OFKST. PETERSBURG, RUSSIA.

LIQUID-FUEL FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.`32l,840, dated July 7, 1885.

Application `filed September 8, 1884. (No model.) Patented in Russia December 28,1883, No. 10,111.

T0 all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, LUDVIG NOBEL, a subject of the King of Sweden, and residing in St. Petersburg, Russia, have invented certain Improvements in Liquid Fuel Furnaces, (for which I have obtained a Russian patent, December 28, 1883, No. 10,111,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object improvements in apparatus to be employed in burning naphtha or other volatile liquid.

Hollow trough-like re-bars are employed. They are placed one above the other. The naphtha or combustible liquid is always kept to an equal depth on the fire-bars during the firing. This is conveniently accomplished by a supply and overliow, as follows: There is a small pan cast in one piece with the rebar and in connection with the trough-like hollow therein. The naphtha or liquid is supplied to the pan by a feed-pipe or by the overflow from a bar above, and the overflow-pipe is fitted in the samepan. These overflows regulate the quantity of naphtha and the equal distribution of it on the different fire-bars. The draft is obtained simply by a chimney. The flame passes from the iire-barsinto a chamber, for the purpose of mixing the combustible gases with air, which is also admitted to the chamber. From this chamber the flame passes forward into the body of the furnace through a narrow passage or passages, for the purpose Vof effecting a more complete mixing of the gases with the air. This arrangement causes the temperature to be raised considerably, and is quite indispensable to a complete and smokefree combustion.

Figure 1 of the drawings annexed represents a longitudinal vertical section of a furnace constructed according to this invention and adapt- .ed for melting metal in crucibles or pots. Fig. 2 is a plan, partly in section. Fig. 3 is atransverse vertical section of the same. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical section of the fore part of the same furnace on a larger scale. Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the same, and Fig. 6 a plan of one of the trough-like fire-bars on the same scale. Fig. 7 is a horizontal section of an open-hearth Martins steel furnace embodying the invention. Fig. 8 is a vertical a vertical section on the line 9 9 in Fig. 7.

Fig. 10 is an end elevation of a stean'l-boiler furnace of the Cornish type embodying the invention. Fig. 11 is a vertical 'longitudinal section, and Fig. 12 a horizontal section, of part of the boiler.

In Figs. 1 to 3, inclusive, a a is the body of the furnace. b b b2 are crucibles containing the metal to be fused. The crucibles b in the compartment of the body of the furnace nearest the entrance of the flame are receiving the final heat-ing previous to pouring. The crucibles b b2 in the further compartments are situated to receive a preliminary heating, and will be shifted to the position of the crucibles b when these are moved from the furnace. c is the chimney. The fuebox d (see, also, Figs. 4 to 6) has an aperture at the front, into which the dre-bars f f are built. 7o They are iron troughs placed one above the other. The number may be varied. Five fire-bars are represented in the drawings, of which the top one is not used as a fire-bar, but only for feeding and as a guide for the air.

h is a pipe by which the naphtha or' liquid fuel is supplied. It enters, first, into the pan f', forming part of the uppermost fire-bar, and it overflows from this pan by the short pipe f2 into the pan f of the fire-bar beneath. The fuel Hows from this pan by the perforation f3 into the main trough-like cavity f*l of the bar, which it fills to the level of the mouth of the overflow f2. The surplus liquid descends by this overflow to the pan f of the bar below, and it fills the main cavity to the level of the overflow. The overflow from the lowest bar of the series is received into a pipe, fi, and is thereby led away into any suitable receptacle. The supply of liquid fuel should always be in excess of that which is consumed and evaporated upon the bars.

Although the fuel is ignited where it lies in the cavities f* of the bars, nevertheless, in consequence of the limited supply of air between the bars, (which, if necessary, may be controlled by a door,) more air is required, and is admitted into the mixing-chamber d through the aperture m, regulated by the slide n. For attaining a complete combustion and a very high temperature, the gases and the air must be completely mixed, and this is effected by making them pass through the narrow passages o before reaching the body of furnace itself, a.

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p is a ilue beneath the body of the furnace, through which the products of combustion may be passed d ireet to the chimney Whi le the bodyY of the furnace is open for the removal of the pots or for other purposes. Suitable dampers, q, control the passages. For the purpose of cooling the partitions in the furnace, aswell asiorthesaving of fuel, airis admitted through the channels lr in the partitions and the luep to the mixing-chamber d.

In Figs. 7. S, and 9 thebarsff are provided on either side of the furnace-bed 7.', and the outlet to the chimnejyv is through a chamber, q', in which the materials are heated before heilig drawn onto the bed of the furnace for fusion. p is the direct passage to the chimney for use when required.

As this furnace afiords a ready means of ohtaininga veryhigh temperature, it is especially suited to the melting of metals which are dil'- ficnltoffnsion. Nevertheless, the furnace may also be employed for other purposes.

In Figs. 10, li, and 11p/'fare the trough like bars; 71, the pipe supplying the. naphtha or liquid fuel, and [the pipe by which the surplus supply is led away. d is the mixing chamber, and m m are passages by which air is admitted to thisl chamber. From this chamber the gases and theair pass through thenarf row passages a (here vertical) and are completely mixed, and then proceed into the boilerilne.

Vhat I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. Aliqnidfuel furnace having a lire-box provided with an aperture in the front, con taining horizontal trough-like re-bars arranged one immediately over the other, and adapted to receive and maintain the liquid fuel at uniform depths, substantially as set forth.

2. A liquidfuel furnace having a iirebox provided with an aperture in the front, con taining horizontal trough-like fire-bars arranged one immediatelr over the other, a suppl ly-pipe for the liquid fuel, and overflow-comn munications between the superposcd troughs, substantially as described.

3. A liquid-fuel furnace having a {ire-box provided with horizontal trough-like fire-bars, one over the other, to receive the liquid, airinlet, a mixing-chamber, and narrow passages leading from the mixing-chamber to the bod5T of the furnace, substantially as specified.

4. A tirebar for a liquid-fuel furnace, said fire-bar consisting of a horizontal trough provided with a pan, f communicating perforation/i, and overllow, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have si gncd my naine to this specification in thepresence of two sub scribing witnesses.

LUDVIG NOBEL.

Witnesses:

N ClsonniiALoFF, L. Voss. 

